2.2 Patients have the right to be fully informed about their health status, including the medical facts about their condition; about the proposed medical procedures, together with the potential risks and benefits of each procedure; about alternatives to the proposed procedures, including the effect of non-treatment; and about the diagnosis, prognosis and progress of treatment. 2.3 Information may only be withheld from patients exceptionally when there is good reason to believe that this information would, without any expectation of obvious positive effects, cause them serious harm. 2.4 Information must be communicated to the patient in a way appropriate to the latter's capacity for understanding, minimizing the use of unfamiliar technical terminology. If the patient does not speak the common language, some form of interpreting should be available. 2.5 Patients have the right not to be informed, at their explicit request. 2.6 Patients have the right to choose who, if any one, should be informed on their behalf 2.7 Patients should have the possibility of obtaining a second opinion. 2.8 When admitted to a health care establishment, patients should be informed of the identity and professional status of the health care providers taking care of them and of any rules and routines which would bear on their stay and care. stupsertod stup6site